romanhistory.org - Roman History | History of the Roman Empire

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Description: Roman History

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The Roman Kingdom was a small kingdom ruled by a lineage of kings descending into myths and legends. According to oral tradition the city of Rome was founded around 753 BC on the Palatine Hill adjacent to the river Tiber. Not much is known about this period of Roman history as there were not many written records and is mostly based around oral tradition.

The founding of Rome begins with the mythical story of Romulus and Remus and continues with a lineage of monarchs who were elected, for life, by men who made up the Roman Senate. The last Roman monarch was named Lucius Tarquinius Superbus and in traditional histories Tarquin was expelled from Rome in 509 BC after his second son, Sextus Tarquinius, raped a noblewoman named Lucretia. This forced Tarquinius Superbus into exile in Etruria and ended up the Roman monarchy.

The Roman Republic began with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom when the Senate agreed to abolish kingship. In turn, most of the former functions of the king were transferred to two separate consuls elected to office for a term of one year. Over the next several hundred years Rome would grow to expand beyond its boundaries to extend it's dominance around the Mediterranean.

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