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Gasoline / ˈ ɡ æ s ə l iː n / , also known as petrol / ˈ p ɛ t r ə l / outside of North America , is a transparent, petroleum -derived liquid that is used primarily as a fuel in internal combustion engines . It consists mostly of organic compounds obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum, enhanced with a variety of additives.
On average, a 42-gallon barrel of crude oil yields about 19 gallons of gasoline when processed in an oil refinery , though this can and does vary based on the crude oil source's assay .
The characteristic of a particular gasoline blend to resist igniting too early (which causes knocking and reduces efficiency in reciprocating engines) is measured by its octane rating . Gasoline is produced in several grades of octane rating. Tetraethyllead and other lead compounds are no longer used in most areas to regulate and increase octane-rating, but many other additives are put into gasoline to improve its chemical stability, control corrosiveness and provide fuel system 'cleaning,' and determine pe