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Chongqing ( Chinese : 重庆 , [ʈʂʰu ̌ ŋ tɕʰjə ̂ ŋ] ; formerly Chungking ) is a major city in Southwest China and one of the five national central cities in China . Administratively, it is one of China's four direct-controlled municipalities (the other three are Beijing , Shanghai and Tianjin ), and the only such municipality in inland China.
The municipality was created on 14 March 1997, succeeding the sub-provincial city administration that was part of Sichuan Province . Chongqing's population as of 2015 is 30,165,500 with an urban population of 18,384,100. According to the 2010 census, Chongqing is the most populous Chinese municipality, whereas the built-up area made up of 8 out of 9 urban districts ( all but Beibei not yet built-up ) was home to 6,777,229 inhabitants at the 2010 census. Chongqing is the largest direct-controlled municipalit
The official abbreviation of the city, 渝 (Yú), was approved by the State Council on 18 April 1997. This abbreviation is derived from the old name of a part of the Jialing River that runs through Chongqing and feeds into the Yangtze River . Chongqing was also a municipality of the Republic of China (ROC) administration, serving as its wartime capital during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945).