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Guinea is a traditional name for the region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea . It stretches north through the forested tropical regions and ends at the Sahel .
The etymology of "Guinea" is uncertain. The English term Guinea comes directly from the Portuguese word Guiné , which emerged in the mid-15th century to refer to the lands inhabited by the Guineus , a generic term for the black African peoples south of the Senegal River (as opposed to the 'tawny' Zenaga Berbers , north of it, whom they called Azenegues or Moors ). The term "Guinea" is extensively used in the 1453 chronicle of Gomes Eanes de Zurara .
King John II of Portugal took up the title of Senhor da Guiné (Lord of Guinea) from 1483. It is believed the Portuguese borrowed Guineus from the Berber term Ghinawen (sometimes Arabized as Guinauha or Genewah ) meaning "the burnt people" (analogous to the Classical Greek Aithiops , "of the burned face"). The Berber terms "aginaw" or " Akal n-Iguinawen " mean "black" or "land of the blacks."