Description: Ghana - gold mine Tarkwa Visit to a small-scale and artisanal gold mining site in Tarkwa, Ghana. Video taken during the field trip of the 2003 CASM conference i
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Coordinates : 8°N 2°W / 8°N 2°W / 8; -2
Ghana ( i / ˈ ɡ ɑː n ə / ), officially called the Republic of Ghana , is a sovereign unitary presidential constitutional democracy , located along the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean, in the subregion of West Africa . Spanning a land mass of 238,535 km 2 , Ghana is bordered by the Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, Togo in the east and the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean in the south. The word Ghana means "Warrior King" in Mande .
The territory of present-day Ghana has been inhabited for millennia, with the first permanent state dating back to the 11th century. Numerous kingdoms and empires emerged over the centuries, of which the most powerful was the Kingdom of Ashanti . Beginning in the 15th century, numerous European powers contested the area for trading rights, with the British ultimately establishing control of the coast by the late 19th century. Following over a century of native resistance, Ghana's current borders were establ