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An archive file is a file that is composed of one or more computer files along with metadata . Archive files are used to collect multiple data files together into a single file for easier portability and storage, or simply to compress files to use less storage space. Archive files often store directory structures , error detection and correction information, arbitrary comments, and sometimes use built-in encryption .
Archive files are particularly useful in that they store file system data and metadata within the contents of a particular file, and thus can be stored on systems or sent over channels that do not support the file system in question, only file contents – examples include sending a directory structure over email.
Beyond archival purposes, archive files are frequently used for packaging software for distribution, as software contents are often naturally spread across several files; the archive is then known as a package . While the archival file format is the same, there are additional conventions about contents, such as requiring a manifest file , and the resulting format is known as a package format . Examples include deb for Debian, JAR for Java, and APK for Android.